"Om Purnamada Purnamidam Purnat Purnam Udacyate Purnasya Purnam Adaya Purnam Eva Avasishyate Om" is a well-known and powerful mantra from the Upanishads, which is a collection of texts that form the core of the Vedantic philosophy. The mantra is a statement about the nature of ultimate reality, or Brahman, and the relationship between Brahman and the individual self, or Atman.
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The mantra begins with "Om", which is a sacred sound and symbol in Hinduism, representing the ultimate reality, Brahman, and is used as a prelude to the invocation of the mantra.
The first part of the mantra, "Purnamada Purnamidam", translates to "That is full, this is full" and asserts the unity of ultimate reality, Brahman, and the individual self, Atman. It asserts that Brahman and Atman are identical, that is, that the individual self is a reflection of the ultimate reality.
The next part of the mantra, "Purnat Purnam Udacyate", translates to "From fullness, fullness comes" and asserts that Brahman is the source of all existence and that everything that exists is a manifestation of Brahman.
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The next part of the mantra, "Purnasya Purnam Adaya", translates to "Taking away fullness from fullness" and asserts that, even though everything is a manifestation of Brahman, it is still full and complete in itself, and that the individual self is also complete and perfect.
The final part of the mantra, "Purnam Eva Avasishyate", translates to "Fullness still remains" and asserts that, even though the individual self is a manifestation of Brahman, it is still full and complete in itself, and that the individual self is also complete and perfect.
The mantra is believed to have been written between 800-400 BCE, and it is found in several Upanishads, such as the Chandogya Upanishad, where it is stated "Purno hi purnamadaya purnameva avasishyate. Purnamadam purna midam purnat purnamudachyate" (Chandogya Upanishad 3.14.1)
In conclusion, "Om Purnamada Purnamidam Purnat Purnam Udacyate Purnasya Purnam Adaya Purnam Eva Avasishyate Om" is a powerful and meaningful mantra from the Upanishads, which is a collection of texts that form the core of the Vedantic philosophy. The mantra asserts the unity of ultimate reality, Brahman, and the individual self, Atman, asserts that Brahman is the source of all existence and that everything that exists is a manifestation of Brahman.
